Crucibles sune mahimman abubuwan na'urorin sinadarai kuma suna aiki azaman kwantena don narkewa da tace ruwa mai ƙarfe, da dumama da amsa gaurayawan ruwa mai ƙarfi. Suna kafa tushe don tabbatar da halayen sunadarai masu santsi.
Crucibles za a iya raba manyan sassa uku:graphite crucibles, yumbu crucibles, da kuma karfe crucibles.
Ana yin ginshiƙan zane da farko daga graphite crystalline, suna riƙe da nau'ikan kaddarorin jiki da sinadarai na graphite na halitta. Suna da kyawawan halayen thermal da juriya mai zafi. A lokacin amfani da zafi mai zafi, suna nuna ƙarancin haɓakar haɓakar zafi, yana mai da su juriya ga saurin dumama da sanyaya. Graphite crucibles suna da juriya mai ƙarfi ga maganin acidic da alkaline kuma suna nuna kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai.
Saboda waɗannan halaye masu kyau, ana amfani da crucibles graphite sosai a masana'antu kamar ƙarfe, simintin ƙarfe, injina, da injiniyan sinadarai. Suna samun aikace-aikace mai yawa a cikin narkar da karafa na kayan aiki na gami da narkar da karafan da ba na tafe ba da gami da su, suna ba da fa'idodin fasaha da tattalin arziki.
Silicon Carbide Crucibles:
Silicon carbide crucibles su ne kwantena yumbu mai siffar kwano. Lokacin da daskararru suna buƙatar mai zafi a yanayin zafi mai zafi, crucibles suna da mahimmanci saboda suna iya jure yanayin zafi mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da gilashin gilashi. Yawanci ba a cika ƙulle-ƙulle ba yayin amfani don hana abu mai zafi zubewa, ƙyale iska ta shiga cikin yardar kaina da sauƙaƙe yiwuwar halayen iskar shaka. Saboda ƙananan gindin su, yawanci ana sanya crucibles akan alwatika na yumbu don dumama kai tsaye. Za a iya sanya su a tsaye ko a kusurwa a kan ɓangarorin ƙarfe, dangane da buƙatun gwaji. Bayan dumama, kada a sanya crucibles nan da nan akan saman karfe mai sanyi don gujewa saurin sanyaya da yuwuwar karyewa. Hakazalika, kada a sanya su kai tsaye a saman katako don hana ƙonewa ko haɗarin wuta. Hanyar da ta dace ita ce ƙyale ƙwanƙwasa su yi sanyi a zahiri a kan tarkacen ƙarfe ko sanya su a kan hanyar asbestos don sanyaya a hankali. Ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa don sarrafawa.
Platinum Crucibles:
Platinum crucibles, wanda aka yi da platinum na ƙarfe, suna aiki azaman kayan gyara don masu nazarin yanayin zafi daban-daban kuma ana amfani da su don dumama kayan da ba na ƙarfe ba, kamar samar da fiber gilashi da zanen gilashi.
Kada su yi hulɗa da:
M mahadi kamar K2O, Na2O, KNO3, NaNO3, KCN, NaCN, Na2O2, Ba(OH)2, LiOH, da dai sauransu.
Aqua regia, halogen mafita, ko mafita iya samar da halogens.
Haɗaɗɗen karafa masu sauƙin ragewa da karafa da kansu.
Carbon-dauke da silicates, phosphorus, arsenic, sulfur, da mahadi.
Nickel Crucibles:
Matsakaicin narkewar nickel shine digiri 1455 ma'aunin celcius, kuma zafin samfurin a cikin ma'aunin nickel bai kamata ya wuce digiri 700 na ma'aunin celcius ba don hana iskar oxygen a yanayin zafi mai yawa.
Nickel crucibles suna da matukar juriya ga abubuwan alkaline da lalata, suna sa su dace da narkewar gami da baƙin ƙarfe, slag, yumbu, kayan haɓakawa, da ƙari. Nickel crucibles sun dace da sauyewar alkaline irin su NaOH, Na2O2, NaCO3, da waɗanda ke ɗauke da KNO3, amma bai kamata a yi amfani da su tare da KHSO4, NaHSO4, K2S2O7, ko Na2S2O7 da sulfide fluxes tare da sulfur. Narkar da gishiri na aluminum, zinc, gubar, tin, da mercury na iya sanya crucibles nickel gaggautsa. Kada a yi amfani da crucibles na nickel don ƙone hazo, kuma kada a narke borax a cikinsu.
Nickel crucibles sau da yawa suna ƙunshe da adadin chromium, don haka dole ne a yi taka tsantsan lokacin da aka katse zaman.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-18-2023