Graphite cruciblesamfuri ne na musamman wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tace zinare, azurfa, tagulla da sauran karafa masu daraja. Ko da yake mutane da yawa ƙila ba su saba da shi ba, samar da kayan aikin graphite ya ƙunshi matakai masu rikitarwa da yawa don tabbatar da ingantacciyar inganci da ƙarfin injin na ƙarshe. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu shiga cikin cikakkun bayanai na kowane mataki da ke cikin tsarin masana'antar graphite crucible.
Matakan farko na samar da crucibles graphite sun haɗa da tsarin bushewa. Bayan an ƙirƙiri ƙwanƙwasa da sassa masu goyan bayan sa, ana duba su bisa ga ƙa'idodin samfurin da aka kammala. Wannan rajistan yana tabbatar da cewa ƙwararrun mutane ne kawai suka ci gaba zuwa matakai masu zuwa. Bayan an rarrabuwa, ana yin aikin glazing, wanda a cikinsa an lulluɓe ƙasa mai ƙyalli tare da glaze. Wannan glaze Layer yana aiki da dalilai da yawa, gami da haɓaka yawa da ƙarfin injin ɗin na crucible, a ƙarshe yana haɓaka ingancinsa gabaɗaya.
Matakin harbe-harbe muhimmin sashi ne na tsarin masana'antu. Ya ƙunshi ƙaddamar da crucible graphite zuwa yanayin zafi mai girma a cikin kasko, don haka ƙarfafa tsarin crucible. Wannan tsari yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da dorewa da amincin crucible yayin aikin tacewa. Za a iya raba ka'idar harbe-harbe zuwa matakai daban-daban guda hudu don fahimtar canje-canjen da ke faruwa a cikin tsarin da ba a iya gani ba yayin wannan tsari.
Mataki na farko shine matakin preheating da harbe-harbe, kuma ana kiyaye zafin jiki a cikin kiln a kusan 100 zuwa 300 ° C. A wannan mataki, sauran danshi a cikin crucible an cire hankali. Bude hasken wuta na kiln kuma rage yawan dumama don hana saurin zafi. Kula da yanayin zafi yana da mahimmanci a wannan matakin, saboda yawan damshin da ya rage zai iya haifar da ƙugiya ko ma fashewa.
Mataki na biyu shine matakin harbin ƙananan zafin jiki, tare da zafin jiki na 400 zuwa 600 ° C. Yayin da kiln ke ci gaba da zafi, ruwan da aka daure da ke cikin kwandon ya fara rushewa da ƙafewa. Babban abubuwan da aka gyara A12O3 da SiO2, waɗanda a baya aka ɗaure su da yumbu, sun fara wanzuwa a cikin yanayin kyauta. Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura cewa glaze Layer a saman crucible bai narke ba tukuna. Don hana duk wani abin mamaki, ƙimar dumama ya kamata har yanzu ya kasance a hankali kuma ya tsaya. Gaggawa da dumama mara daidaituwa na iya haifar da ƙugiya ko faɗuwa, yana lalata amincinsa.
Shiga mataki na uku, matsakaicin matakin harbe-harbe yana faruwa tsakanin 700 da 900°C. A wannan mataki, amorphous Al2O3 a cikin yumbu an canza shi zuwa wani yanki don samar da nau'in crystalline Al2O3. Wannan sauyi yana ƙara haɓaka amincin tsarin ginin. Yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye daidaitaccen sarrafa zafin jiki a wannan lokacin don guje wa duk wani sakamako mara kyau.
Mataki na ƙarshe shine matakin harbi mai zafi, tare da zafin jiki sama da 1000 ° C. A wannan lokaci, glaze Layer a ƙarshe ya narke, yana tabbatar da crucible saman yana da santsi kuma an rufe shi. Maɗaukakin yanayin zafi kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka gabaɗaya a cikin ƙarfin injin na crucible da dorewa.
Gabaɗaya, tsarin samarwa na graphite crucibles ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa. Daga bushewa da duba samfurin da aka kammala zuwa glazing da harbe-harbe, kowane mataki yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da inganci da amincin crucible graphite na ƙarshe. Riko da matakan sarrafa zafin jiki da kuma kiyaye ƙimar dumama daidai yana da mahimmanci don hana kowane lahani ko haɗari. Sakamakon ƙarshe shine babban ƙwanƙwasa graphite mai inganci wanda zai iya jure ƙaƙƙarfan tsarin tace ƙarafa masu daraja.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-29-2023